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<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 关系运算符 <span class="t-mark-rev t-deprecated-cxx20">(C++20 中弃用)</span> </td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/rel_ops/operator_cmp.html" title="cpp/utility/rel ops/operator cmp"><span class="t-lines"><span>rel_ops::operator!=</span><span>rel_ops::operator&gt;</span><span>rel_ops::operator&lt;=</span><span>rel_ops::operator&gt;=</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/strong_ordering.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/strong ordering"><span class="t-lines"><span>strong_ordering</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/weak_ordering.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/weak ordering"><span class="t-lines"><span>weak_ordering</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/compare_three_way.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/compare three way"><span class="t-lines"><span>compare_three_way</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/strong_order.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/strong order"><span class="t-lines"><span>strong_order</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/weak_order.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/weak order"><span class="t-lines"><span>weak_order</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/partial_order.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/partial order"><span class="t-lines"><span>partial_order</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/compare_strong_order_fallback.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/compare strong order fallback"><span class="t-lines"><span>compare_strong_order_fallback</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/compare_weak_order_fallback.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/compare weak order fallback"><span class="t-lines"><span>compare_weak_order_fallback</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/compare_partial_order_fallback.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/compare partial order fallback"><span class="t-lines"><span>compare_partial_order_fallback</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/compare/named_comparison_functions.html" title="cpp/utility/compare/named comparison functions"><span class="t-lines"><span>is_eq</span><span>is_neq</span><span>is_lt</span><span>is_lteq</span><span>is_gt</span><span>is_gteq</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 共用词汇类型</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/pair.html" title="cpp/utility/pair"><span class="t-lines"><span>pair</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/optional.html" title="cpp/utility/optional"><span class="t-lines"><span>optional</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/any.html" title="cpp/utility/any"><span class="t-lines"><span>any</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/variant.html" title="cpp/utility/variant"><span class="t-lines"><span>variant</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <br>
</td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> swap 、 forward 与 move</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="algorithm/swap.html" title="cpp/algorithm/swap"><span class="t-lines"><span>swap</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/exchange.html" title="cpp/utility/exchange"><span class="t-lines"><span>exchange</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/forward.html" title="cpp/utility/forward"><span class="t-lines"><span>forward</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/move.html" title="cpp/utility/move"><span class="t-lines"><span>move</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/move_if_noexcept.html" title="cpp/utility/move if noexcept"><span class="t-lines"><span>move_if_noexcept</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 初等字符串转换</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/to_chars.html" title="cpp/utility/to chars"><span class="t-lines"><span>to_chars</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/from_chars.html" title="cpp/utility/from chars"><span class="t-lines"><span>from_chars</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/chars_format.html" title="cpp/utility/chars format"><span class="t-lines"><span>chars_format</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 类型运算</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/declval.html" title="cpp/utility/declval"><span class="t-lines"><span>declval</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/as_const.html" title="cpp/utility/as const"><span class="t-lines"><span>as_const</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="utility/launder.html" title="cpp/utility/launder"><span class="t-lines"><span>launder</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div><div class="t-navbar-head"><strong class="selflink">错误处理</strong><div class="t-navbar-menu"><div><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv-col-table"><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 异常处理</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/exception.html" title="cpp/error/exception"><span class="t-lines"><span>exception</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/uncaught_exception.html" title="cpp/error/uncaught exception"><span class="t-lines"><span>uncaught_exception</span><span>uncaught_exceptions</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/exception_ptr.html" title="cpp/error/exception ptr"><span class="t-lines"><span>exception_ptr</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/make_exception_ptr.html" title="cpp/error/make exception ptr"><span class="t-lines"><span>make_exception_ptr</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/current_exception.html" title="cpp/error/current exception"><span class="t-lines"><span>current_exception</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/rethrow_exception.html" title="cpp/error/rethrow exception"><span class="t-lines"><span>rethrow_exception</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/nested_exception.html" title="cpp/error/nested exception"><span class="t-lines"><span>nested_exception</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/throw_with_nested.html" title="cpp/error/throw with nested"><span class="t-lines"><span>throw_with_nested</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/rethrow_if_nested.html" title="cpp/error/rethrow if nested"><span class="t-lines"><span>rethrow_if_nested</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 异常处理失败</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/terminate.html" title="cpp/error/terminate"><span class="t-lines"><span>terminate</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/terminate_handler.html" title="cpp/error/terminate handler"><span class="t-lines"><span>terminate_handler</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/get_terminate.html" title="cpp/error/get terminate"><span class="t-lines"><span>get_terminate</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/set_terminate.html" title="cpp/error/set terminate"><span class="t-lines"><span>set_terminate</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/bad_exception.html" title="cpp/error/bad exception"><span class="t-lines"><span>bad_exception</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/unexpected.html" title="cpp/error/unexpected"><span class="t-lines"><span>unexpected</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 前)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/unexpected_handler.html" title="cpp/error/unexpected handler"><span class="t-lines"><span>unexpected_handler</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 前)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/get_unexpected.html" title="cpp/error/get unexpected"><span class="t-lines"><span>get_unexpected</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 前)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/set_unexpected.html" title="cpp/error/set unexpected"><span class="t-lines"><span>set_unexpected</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 前)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 错误号</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"> <a href="error/errno_macros.html" title="cpp/error/errno macros">错误号</a></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/errno.html" title="cpp/error/errno"><span class="t-lines"><span>errno</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td><td><div><table class="t-nv-begin" cellpadding="0" style="">
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 异常类别</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/logic_error/logic_error.html" title="cpp/error/logic error"><span class="t-lines"><span>logic_error</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/invalid_argument/invalid_argument.html" title="cpp/error/invalid argument"><span class="t-lines"><span>invalid_argument</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/domain_error/domain_error.html" title="cpp/error/domain error"><span class="t-lines"><span>domain_error</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/length_error/length_error.html" title="cpp/error/length error"><span class="t-lines"><span>length_error</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/out_of_range/out_of_range.html" title="cpp/error/out of range"><span class="t-lines"><span>out_of_range</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/runtime_error/runtime_error.html" title="cpp/error/runtime error"><span class="t-lines"><span>runtime_error</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/range_error/range_error.html" title="cpp/error/range error"><span class="t-lines"><span>range_error</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/overflow_error/overflow_error.html" title="cpp/error/overflow error"><span class="t-lines"><span>overflow_error</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/underflow_error/underflow_error.html" title="cpp/error/underflow error"><span class="t-lines"><span>underflow_error</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/tx_exception.html" title="cpp/error/tx exception"><span class="t-lines"><span>tx_exception</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-tm-ts t-mark-ts">(TM TS)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 断言</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/assert.html" title="cpp/error/assert"><span class="t-lines"><span>assert</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> system_error 设施</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/error_category.html" title="cpp/error/error category"><span class="t-lines"><span>error_category</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/generic_category.html" title="cpp/error/generic category"><span class="t-lines"><span>generic_category</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/system_category.html" title="cpp/error/system category"><span class="t-lines"><span>system_category</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/error_condition.html" title="cpp/error/error condition"><span class="t-lines"><span>error_condition</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/errc.html" title="cpp/error/errc"><span class="t-lines"><span>errc</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/error_code.html" title="cpp/error/error code"><span class="t-lines"><span>error_code</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="error/system_error.html" title="cpp/error/system error"><span class="t-lines"><span>system_error</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
</table></div></td></tr>
</table></div><div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-navbar-sep"> </div></div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86">异常处理</span></h3>
<p>头文件 <code>&lt;exception&gt;</code> 提供数个关联于 C++ 程序中异常处理的类与函数。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;exception&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/exception.html" title="cpp/error/exception"> <span class="t-lines"><span>exception</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   标准库组件抛出的各种异常的基类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8.E5.AF.B9.E8.B1.A1.E7.9A.84.E6.8D.95.E8.8E.B7.E4.B8.8E.E5.AD.98.E5.82.A8">  异常对象的捕获与存储 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/uncaught_exception.html" title="cpp/error/uncaught exception"> <span class="t-lines"><span>uncaught_exception</span><span>uncaught_exceptions</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   检查当前是否正在进行异常处理 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/exception_ptr.html" title="cpp/error/exception ptr"> <span class="t-lines"><span>exception_ptr</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   用于处理异常对象的共享指针类型 <br> <span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/make_exception_ptr.html" title="cpp/error/make exception ptr"> <span class="t-lines"><span>make_exception_ptr</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   从异常对象创建一个<span class="t-lc"><a href="error/exception_ptr.html" title="cpp/error/exception ptr">std::exception_ptr</a></span> <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/current_exception.html" title="cpp/error/current exception"> <span class="t-lines"><span>current_exception</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   捕获当前异常到 <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/exception_ptr.html" title="cpp/error/exception ptr">std::exception_ptr</a></span> 之中 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/rethrow_exception.html" title="cpp/error/rethrow exception"> <span class="t-lines"><span>rethrow_exception</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   从一个 <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/exception_ptr.html" title="cpp/error/exception ptr">std::exception_ptr</a></span> 抛出异常 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/nested_exception.html" title="cpp/error/nested exception"> <span class="t-lines"><span>nested_exception</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   用于捕获并存储当前异常的混入类型 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/throw_with_nested.html" title="cpp/error/throw with nested"> <span class="t-lines"><span>throw_with_nested</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   抛出实参，带上混入的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/nested_exception.html" title="cpp/error/nested exception">std::nested_exception</a></span>  <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/rethrow_if_nested.html" title="cpp/error/rethrow if nested"> <span class="t-lines"><span>rethrow_if_nested</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   抛出 <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/nested_exception.html" title="cpp/error/nested exception">std::nested_exception</a></span> 中的异常 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span> </td></tr>

<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.E4.B8.AD.E7.9A.84.E5.A4.B1.E8.B4.A5.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86">  异常处理中的失败处理 </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;exception&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/terminate.html" title="cpp/error/terminate"> <span class="t-lines"><span>terminate</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   异常处理失败时调用的函数 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/terminate_handler.html" title="cpp/error/terminate handler"> <span class="t-lines"><span>terminate_handler</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/terminate.html" title="cpp/error/terminate">std::terminate</a></span> 所调用的函数类型 <br> <span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/get_terminate.html" title="cpp/error/get terminate"> <span class="t-lines"><span>get_terminate</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   获得当前的 terminate_handler  <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/set_terminate.html" title="cpp/error/set terminate"> <span class="t-lines"><span>set_terminate</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   更改将被 <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/terminate.html" title="cpp/error/terminate">std::terminate</a></span> 调用的函数 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/bad_exception.html" title="cpp/error/bad exception"> <span class="t-lines"><span>bad_exception</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   当 <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/current_exception.html" title="cpp/error/current exception">std::current_exception</a></span> 无法复制异常对象时抛出的异常 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr>
<td colspan="2"> <h5> <span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8.E8.A7.84.E5.AE.9A.E8.BF.9D.E8.A7.84.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86.EF.BC.88_C.2B.2B17_.E4.B8.AD.E7.A7.BB.E9.99.A4.EF.BC.89">  异常规定违规处理（ C++17 中移除） </span></h5>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/unexpected.html" title="cpp/error/unexpected"> <span class="t-lines"><span>unexpected</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 中移除)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   违背动态异常说明时调用的函数 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/unexpected_handler.html" title="cpp/error/unexpected handler"> <span class="t-lines"><span>unexpected_handler</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 中移除)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/unexpected.html" title="cpp/error/unexpected">std::unexpected</a></span> 所调用的函数类型 <br> <span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/get_unexpected.html" title="cpp/error/get unexpected"> <span class="t-lines"><span>get_unexpected</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 中移除)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   获得当前的 unexpected_handler <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/set_unexpected.html" title="cpp/error/set unexpected"> <span class="t-lines"><span>set_unexpected</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 中移除)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   更改要被 <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/unexpected.html" title="cpp/error/unexpected">std::unexpected</a></span> 调用的函数 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8.E7.B1.BB.E5.88.AB">异常类别</span></h4>
<p>数个便利异常类预定义于头文件 <code>&lt;stdexcept&gt;</code> 以报告特定的错误条件。这些类可分为二个类别：<i>逻辑</i>错误与<i>运行时</i>错误。逻辑错误是程序中错误逻辑的后果，而且可以避免。运行时错误来源于程序作用域以外的事件，且无法简单预测。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;stdexcept&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/logic_error/logic_error.html" title="cpp/error/logic error"> <span class="t-lines"><span>logic_error</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  指示违背逻辑前提条件或类不变量的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/invalid_argument/invalid_argument.html" title="cpp/error/invalid argument"> <span class="t-lines"><span>invalid_argument</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  报告非法参数的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/domain_error/domain_error.html" title="cpp/error/domain error"> <span class="t-lines"><span>domain_error</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  报告定义域错误的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/length_error/length_error.html" title="cpp/error/length error"> <span class="t-lines"><span>length_error</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  报告试图超出最大允许大小的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/out_of_range/out_of_range.html" title="cpp/error/out of range"> <span class="t-lines"><span>out_of_range</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  报告参数落在期待范围外的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/runtime_error/runtime_error.html" title="cpp/error/runtime error"> <span class="t-lines"><span>runtime_error</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  指示条件只可于运行时检测的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/range_error/range_error.html" title="cpp/error/range error"> <span class="t-lines"><span>range_error</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  报告内部计算中值域错误的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/overflow_error/overflow_error.html" title="cpp/error/overflow error"> <span class="t-lines"><span>overflow_error</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  报告算术上溢的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/underflow_error/underflow_error.html" title="cpp/error/underflow error"> <span class="t-lines"><span>underflow_error</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  报告算术下溢的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/tx_exception.html" title="cpp/error/tx exception"> <span class="t-lines"><span>tx_exception</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-tm-ts t-mark-ts">(TM TS)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>  取消原子事务的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span>
</td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.94.99.E8.AF.AF.E5.8F.B7">错误号</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;cerrno&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/errno.html" title="cpp/error/errno"> <span class="t-lines"><span>errno</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>  展开成 POSIX 兼容的线程局域错误号变量的宏<br><span class="t-mark">(宏变量)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/errno_macros.html" title="cpp/error/errno macros"> <span class="t-lines"><span>E2BIG, EACCES, ..., EXDEV</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   兼容标准 POSIX 的错误条件的宏 <br> <span class="t-mark">(宏常量)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.96.AD.E8.A8.80">断言</span></h3>
<p>帮助实现程序中前置条件检查的断言。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;cassert&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/assert.html" title="cpp/error/assert"> <span class="t-lines"><span>assert</span></span></a></div></div>
</td>
<td>   若用户指定的条件非 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> 则中断程序。可以在发行构建中禁用 <br> <span class="t-mark">(宏函数)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.B3.BB.E7.BB.9F.E9.94.99.E8.AF.AF">系统错误</span></h3>
<p>头文件 <code>&lt;system_error&gt;</code> 定义用于报告源于操作系统、流 I/O 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="thread/future.html" title="cpp/thread/future">std::future</a></span> 或其他低层 API 的错误条件的类型和函数。
</p>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc-header">
<td colspan="2"> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;system_error&gt;</code> </div>
</td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/error_category.html" title="cpp/error/error category"> <span class="t-lines"><span>error_category</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   错误类别的基类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/generic_category.html" title="cpp/error/generic category"> <span class="t-lines"><span>generic_category</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   鉴别通用错误类别  <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/system_category.html" title="cpp/error/system category"> <span class="t-lines"><span>system_category</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   鉴别操作系统错误类别  <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/error_condition.html" title="cpp/error/error condition"> <span class="t-lines"><span>error_condition</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   保有可移植的错误码 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/errc.html" title="cpp/error/errc"> <span class="t-lines"><span>errc</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   列出所有标准 <a href="header/cerrno.html" title="cpp/header/cerrno"><tt>&lt;cerrno&gt;</tt></a> 宏常量的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="error/error_condition.html" title="cpp/error/error condition">std::error_condition</a></span> 枚举 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/error_code.html" title="cpp/error/error code"> <span class="t-lines"><span>error_code</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   保有依赖于平台的错误码  <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="error/system_error.html" title="cpp/error/system error"> <span class="t-lines"><span>system_error</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   用于报告拥有 error_code 的错误条件的异常类 <br> <span class="t-mark">(类)</span> </td></tr>
</table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <a href="language/static_assert.html" title="cpp/language/static assert">静态断言</a>
</td>
<td>  进行编译时断言检查 <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span> </td></tr>

</table>

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